Mortgage
What is a Mortgage
A mortgage is a debt instrument, secured by the collateral of specified real estate property, that the borrower is obliged to pay back with a predetermined set of payments. Mortgages are used by individuals and businesses to make large real estate purchases without paying the entire value of the purchase up front. Over a period of many years, the borrower repays the loan, plus interest, until he/she eventually owns the property free and clear. Mortgages are also known as liens against property or claims on property. If the borrower stops paying the mortgage, the bank can foreclose.
In a residential mortgage, a home buyer pledges his or her house to the bank. The bank has a claim on the house should the home buyer default on paying the mortgage. In the case of a foreclosure, the bank may evict the homes tenants and sell the house, using the income from the sale to clear the mortgage debt.
Mortgages come in many forms. With a fixedrate mortgage, the borrower pays the same interest rate for the life of the loan. Her monthly principal and interest payment never change from the first mortgage payment to the last. Most fixedrate mortgages have a 15 or 30year term. If market interest rates rise, the borrower’s payment does not change. If market interest rates drop significantly, the borrower may be able to secure that lower rate by refinancing the mortgage. A fixedrate mortgage is also called a “traditional mortgage.
With an adjustablerate mortgage (ARM), the interest rate is fixed for an initial term, but then it fluctuates with market interest rates. The initial interest rate is often a belowmarket rate, which can make a mortgage seem more affordable than it really is. If interest rates increase later, the borrower may not be able to afford the higher monthly payments. Interest rates could also decrease, making an ARM less expensive. In either case, the monthly payments are unpredictable after the initial term.
Other less common types of mortgages, such as interestonly mortgages and paymentoption ARMs, are best used by sophisticated borrowers. Many homeowners got into financial trouble with these types of mortgages during the housing bubble years.
When shopping for a mortgage, it is beneficial to use a mortgage calculator, as these tools can give you an idea of the interest rates for the mortgage youre considering. Mortgage calculators can also help you calculate the total cost of interest over the life of the mortgage.
Mortgage Rates News This Week
The financial markets hit some choppy waters this week. With successive drops of 427 and 445 points the Dow ended down substantially for the week. For some positive news this marks the third week in a row where mortgage rates went down. The wild swings we saw earlier in mortgage rates have for the time being ended. The last 3 weeks saw less movement in all four of the major mortgage products.
30 Year mortgage rates are down to 6.04 dropping from 6.14 last week. All the other main mortgage products saw drops as well. Compared to the 30 year fixed rate the 5 year arm dropped a little more (.11 points from 5.98 to 5.87) and the 15 year dropped a little less (.08 points dropping from 5.81 to 5.73).
Below are mortgage rates for the four major products for the last few weeks.
November 20, 2008
30-yr 6.04 15-yr 5.73 5-yr ARM 5.87 1-yr ARM 5.29
November 13, 2008
30-yr 6.14 15-yr 5.81 5-yr ARM 5.98 1-yr ARM 5.33
November 6, 2008
30-yr 6.20 15-yr 5.88 5-yr ARM 6.19 1-yr ARM 5.25
October 30, 2008
30-yr 6.46 15-yr 6.19 5-yr ARM 6.36 1-yr ARM 5.38
October 23, 2008
30-yr 6.04 15-yr 5.72 5-yr ARM 6.06 1-yr ARM 5.23
Moving on lets translate mortgage rates into a the mortgage payments one would pay on a 200k loan. We translated today's rates as well as the rates from 3 weeks ago.
November 20th
30-yr $1204.24
15-yr $1658.67
5-yr ARM $1182.43
1-yr ARM $1109.36
October 30th
30-yr 1258.87
15-yr 1708.31
5-yr ARM 1245.77
1-yr ARM 1120.56
As we can see since October 30th the potential payment on a 30 year, 15 year and 5 year has come down quite a bit. The 1 year arm has remained relatively stable for the last few weeks. The 5 year rate is still probably the most unattractive mortgage product right now. Payments on the 5 year arm are pretty similar to the payments on a 30 year loan. Considering it's hard to know where rates will be in 5 year it's probably not worth to get a 5 year arm considering the small savings it currently offers.
The other thing we are seeing in the mortgage markets is that banks are still very reticent to give out loans. Zero down and no doc loans are pretty much dead. Because of the disappearance of no doc loans it has become harder for people that are self employed to get loans. Since so many potential borrowers have been pushed out of the market potential borrowers with 1031 jobs and money for down payments have very little competition for properties.
So what is going to happen moving forward. It's hard to know what is going to happen with the economy in general. Although mortgage rates have been relatively stable recently if Obama makes any huge initiates in the housing market it could push mortgage rates pretty far in one direction or another. I expect that 30 year mortgage rates will stay above 5.8 until the end of the year simply because I don't expect to see many major policy changes until Obama takes office.
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